How to behave in case of an earthquake. What to do before, during and after.

Written by Julia Altavilla
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Earthquakes are natural events that can be frightening, as happened in March 13th in Campania, but with the right preparazione can be addressed safely. Know what to do before, during and after an earthquake helps protect yourself and others, reducing risks. Knowing the safety measures and acting with awareness allows you to face the emergency with clarity.

What to do before the earthquake

An earthquake cannot be predicted, but it is possible to reduce the dangers with some precautions. Knowing the risk level of your area is the first step to prepare. It is important to check that the home complies with the anti-seismic standards and, if necessary, carry out maintenance work adjustment. Furthermore, knowing how to manage the gas, water and electricity systems helps prevent dangers such as escapes and fires. Even furniture can become a risk factor: fixing heavy furniture on the walls and avoid placing fragile items on high shelves reduces the possibility of damage and injury.

Some practical tips to prepare:

  • Fix to the wall heavy furniture, bookcases and wall units.
  • Avoid placing fragile or heavy objects on high shelves.
  • Learning to close gas, water and electricity in case of emergency.

Un emergency kit well organized helps to better deal with the situation. It should contain:

  • Battery-powered flashlight and portable radio.
  • Blankets, water and food supplies.
  • Copies of important documents in a waterproof envelope.

Finally, know the emergency exits of your home, workplace or school and participate in esercitazioni helps maintain control in emergency situations.

What to do during an earthquake

When the tremors begin, the immediate reaction is essential for safety. The first rule is keep calm and avoid impulsive actions. If you are in a building, it is essential to take shelter in a safe place and protect your head from any falling objects. windows, mirrors and chandeliers can break, increasing the risk of injury. Running for the exit is not a safe option: during an earthquake, stairs and elevators can be very dangerous. If you are outdoors, however, it is important to stay away from buildings, trees and electrical cables, looking for an open and safe space.

Useful safety tips:

At home or in a building:

  • Take shelter under a sturdy table or near one load-bearing wall.
  • Stay away from windows, mirrors and suspended objects.
  • Do not use lifts nor run towards the stairs.

On the outside:

  • Get away from buildings, trees and electrical cables.
  • Search for one open space and stay there until the aftershocks stop.

By car:

  • Stopping in onesafe area, far from bridges and tunnels.
  • Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking stops.

Taking these precautions helps protect you and reduce the risk of accidents.

What to do after the earthquake

Once the shock is over, it is important evaluate the situation carefully. You should not leave buildings immediately unless you are sure they are safe. It is essential to check any structural damage and be careful about cracks in walls, partial collapses and gas leaks. To avoid injuries, it is advisable to wear sturdy shoes and move with caution. If there are injured people, it is important to call for help and provide help only if there is no risk of worsening their condition.

Key steps after the earthquake:

  • Check that the building does not have obvious structural damage.
  • To wear sturdy shoes to protect themselves from glass and debris.
  • Help those in need without risking your own safety.
  • Follow the indications from the authorities and head towards the safe waiting areas.

Additional important precautions:

  • Use the phone only for emergencies so as not to overload the lines.
  • Avoid lighting flames in closed environments due to possible gas leaks.
  • Stay up to date via radio or official announcements.

The importance of mental health

After a traumatic event like an earthquake, it is normal to feel agitated, anxious or vulnerable. Pay attention to your mental health is essential to overcome the emergency completely. Talking with family, friends or professionals can help manage stress and feelings of fear. You should never hesitate to ask for help or psychological support when necessary. Keeping the dialogue open, sharing your emotions and participating in community moments helps you regain balance and serenity.

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